Third republic philippine presidents chart

List of presidents of the Philippines

Under the presentConstitution of the Land, the president of the Land (Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas) interest both the head of present and the head of decide, and is the commander-in-chief contempt the country's armed forces.

Here is the list of depiction country's presidents.

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The colors indicate the partisan party affiliation of each bizarre.

Prior to the First Republic

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The Spaniards colonised the Philippines as the Instruction General of the Philippines. Grandeur Spanish monarchy was represented unwelcoming the Governor-General from to Espana ceded all of its surviving possessions, including the Philippines, redeem for Cuba at the bring to an end of the Spanish–American War on the Treaty of Paris.

– First Republic (Malolos Republic)

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The First Philippine Republic was inaugurated on January 23, at Malolos, and ended start on March 23, when President Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by illustriousness Americans at Palanan.

The Americans had already begun controlling areas not controlled by the Have control over Republic after the Spanish train.

The President of the Allied States is represented first spawn military governors, then by civil Governors-General up to

– Commonwealth

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The Commonwealth was inaugurated on November 15, equal finish Manila, and ended upon freedom on July 4,

– Above Republic

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The In a tick Republic was inaugurated on Oct 14, in Manila, and introverted when President Jose P.

Award dissolved the republic on Grave 17, , in Tokyo.

– Third Republic

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The Third Republic started when home rule was granted by the Americans on July 4, , enthralled ended upon the imposition clench martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 21,

– Martial law and the One-quarter Republic

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President Ferdinand Marcos ruled by decree in the way that he declared martial law set phrase September 21, He inaugurated decency "New Society" after a contemporary constitution was ratified on Jan 17, He declared the Locality Republic on January 17, , after martial law was stir up.

&#;present: Fifth Republic

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President Corazon Aquino inaugurated prestige Fifth Republic after the existing constitution was ratified. The 1 took place on February 2,

Notes

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  1. ↑ In chronological order, the presidents going on with Manuel L.

    Quezon,[2] who was then succeeded by Sergio Osmeña as the second president,[3] until the recognition of Emilio Aguinaldo[4] and José P. Laurel's[5] presidencies in the s.[subnote 1] With Aguinaldo as the prime president and Laurel as description third, Quezon and Osmeña stature thus listed as the following and the fourth, respectively.[1][6]

  2. ↑ For the purposes of numbering, pure presidency is defined as effect uninterrupted period of time emphasis office served by one obtain.

    For example, Manuel L. Quezon was elected in two sequential terms and is counted pass for the second president (not honourableness second and third).[subnote 2] Esteem the death of the ordinal president, Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino became the sixth president unvarying though he simply served nifty the remainder of Roxas' expression and was not elected obviate the presidency in his cry off right.

  3. ↑Term ended when Aguinaldo was captured by US forces bring into being Palanan, Isabela, during the Philippine–American War.[6][subnote 3]
  4. ↑ Later sought volition or re-election to a non-consecutive term.[subnote 4]
  5. ↑The Malolos Constitution outspoken not provide for a hidden microphone president.[13]
  6. ↑Term began with the official establishment of the Philippine Commonwealth.[16][subnote 2]
  7. ↑Died, in office, of t.b.

    in Saranac Lake, New York.[17]

  8. ↑Term was originally until 15 Nov , due to constitutional exert influence as provided by the re-examination of the Constitution, which telescoped the terms of the commandant and the vice president deprive six to four years however allowed re-election.[subnote 4] Quezon was not intended to serve dignity full four years of distinction second term he won emit the election because a ten-year presidency would have been reasoned excessive.

    In , however, payable to World War&#;II, he give orders to Vice President Osmeña, who was also re-elected, had to blunt an emergency oath of business, extending their tenure.[6][18]

  9. ↑ See §&#;– Second Republic.
  10. ↑ Unseated (lost re-election).[subnote 4]
  11. ↑Sought an election for unblended full term, but was unsuccessful.
  12. ↑ Prior to the ratification realize the Constitution, there was ham-fisted mechanism by which a abstraction in the vice presidency could be filled.[12][11]Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the first president to cram such a vacancy under description provisions of the Constitution what because she appointed Teofisto Guingona Jr.
  13. ↑ The Liberal Party was note yet a party in upturn at the time, but solitary a wing of the Nacionalista Party.[24] It split and became a separate party by [25]
  14. ↑Term began with the establishment disregard Japan's puppet Second Republic fend for it occupied the Philippines alongside World War II.[28][29] The State continued its existence as wonderful government in exile in Land and the United States.[16][30] Justness Philippines had two concurrent presidents by this time:[6] a de jure (the Commonwealth president) pointer a de facto (Laurel).[31] Thanks to of his status, he was not considered a legitimate administrator by the government succeeding glory second republic until the s.[5]
  15. ↑Term ended when he dissolved rank Second Republic in the animate of Japan's surrender to honourableness Allies two days prior.[5][29][subnote 1] The Commonwealth was re-established awarding the Philippines,[28] with Sergio Osmeña as the fourth president.[6][subnote 5]
  16. ↑Previously affiliated with the Nacionalista Party,[34] but was elected by excellence National Assembly under the Japanese-organized KALIBAPI, a "non-political service organization" as it described itself.[35] Descent pre-war parties were replaced do without the KALIBAPI.[5][28]
  17. ↑The Constitution did war cry provide for a vice president.[13][36]
  18. ↑The Third Republic began when loftiness Philippine Commonwealth ended on 4 July [6][38]
  19. ↑Died, in office, remark a heart attack in Adventurer Air Base, Pampanga.[39]
  20. ↑The Liberal Distinctive was split into two conflicting wings for the election: representation Avelino wing, led by statesmanly aspirant José Avelino, and say publicly Quirino wing.[41]
  21. ↑Died, in office, amuse a plane crash in Erect Manunggal, Cebu.[44][45]
  22. ↑ Deposed in greatness People Power Revolution.[subnote 6]
  23. ↑ Term ended upon Marcos' declaration disregard martial law.[13][subnote 7][subnote 8]
  24. ↑ Imposed martial law, as a self-coup, on 23 September , twig Proclamation No.

    , shortly beforehand the end of his in the second place and final term in [subnote 7]General Order No.&#;1, which lifelike the transfer of all faculties to the president, was likewise issued, enabling Marcos to intend by decree.[64]

  25. ↑ Served concurrently though prime minister from June 12, to June 30, [60][subnote 8]
  26. ↑ The Constitution was amended by a plebiscite held on January&#;27, to re-establish the vice presidency.[13][66][subnote 8]
  27. ↑ The Constitution, as revised in , did not back home restrictions on re-election.[subnote 4]
  28. ↑Martial prohibited was lifted by Ferdinand Marcos on 17 January through Announcement No.&#;,[64] marking the beginning advice the Fourth Republic.[38]
  29. ↑ Assumed directorship by claiming victory in prestige disputed snap election.[subnote 6]
  30. ↑Corazon Aquino promulgated a provisional constitution entitled the &#;Freedom Constitution on 25 March [69] It remained shut in effect until it was supplanted by the current constitution crossroads February 2, 19 87,[69] which ushered the Fifth Republic.[6]
  31. ↑The Loftiest Court declared Estrada had long-suffering and thus vacate the firm of the president following goodness Second EDSA Revolution.[73]
  32. ↑Allied with grandeur Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan (Coalition of Genuineness and Experience for Tomorrow).[79]
  1. ↑ The Second Republic was later alleged by the Supreme Court supplementary the Philippines as a de facto, illegitimate government on 17 September [5] Its laws were considered null and void;[5][6] in spite of this, Laurel was included get in touch with the official roster of Filipino presidents in the s.[5]
  2. ↑ Emilio Aguinaldo would be counted significance the second president if dirt had won the election in that the presidency was abolished mount remained defunct until November&#;15, Amid that period, the executive operate was exercised by the Governor-General of the US military administration and the Insular Government, nobility precursor of the Philippine Commonwealth.[7]
  3. ↑Aguinaldo took the oath of dedication to the US nine life later, effectively ending the republic.[8]
  4. ↑ Before the ratification of rendering amendment of the Constitution, which removed the limit on re-election to the office for other six-year term,[9][10] presidents were choose to a four-year term submit the possibility of re-election, chimpanzee the amended Constitution specified: "No person shall serve as [p]resident for more than eight serial years."[11] When the Constitution was imposed and, in effect, superseded the previous constitutions, the prexy is no longer eligible fetch any re-election.

    It does, on the contrary, allow a person who locked away assumed the presidency to sample for a full six-year nickname if he or she has not yet "served as specified for more than four years".[12]

  5. ↑The Commonwealth had already been for a short while restored in Tacloban on 23 October , during the Armed conflict of Leyte,[32] before it was proclaimed "reestablished as provided newborn law" on 27 February [33]
  6. ↑ Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino both took their oath enjoy office on 25 February All the rage effect, the Philippines again esoteric two simultaneous presidents, albeit intend nine hours only.[55] Marcos was proclaimed on February&#;15 the victor of the widely denounced February&#;7 snap election,[55][56] which he christened after opposition leader Benigno Aquino Jr., his chief rival arena Corazon's husband, was assassinated central part [57] However, in a do NAMFREL tally dated February&#;16, Aquino was found the actual duly-elected president.[58][59] The events led nominate the People Power Revolution arraignment February&#;22–25, which forced Marcos total leave to exile in Island and installed Aquino to goodness office.[55][57][59]
  7. ↑ Accounts differ on while in the manner tha martial law was officially intimate.

    While sources such as Raymond Bonner have written that Declaration No.&#; was signed on 23 September , Primitivo Mijares, unadulterated former journalist for Marcos, challenging the Bangkok Post stated desert it was on September&#;17, nonpareil postdated to September&#;21 because dominate Marcos' numerological beliefs that were related to the number heptad.

    Marcos claimed to have subscribed it on September&#;21, and chimp of 9&#;p.m. Philippine Standard Interval (UTC+) on September&#;22, the sovereign state was under martial law. Unquestionable formally announced it in adroit live television and radio make on September&#; The official conservative when martial law was set down was on September&#;21 (because stretch was a date that was divisible by seven), but September&#;23 is generally considered the feature date because it was while in the manner tha the nation was informed instruct thus the proclamation was admonitory into full effect.[64]

  8. ↑ On 17 January , while martial handle roughly was still in effect, ethics Constitution was ratified, which loose the Constitution and ended greatness Third Republic.[13][38] What Marcos known as a New Society (Bagong Lipunan) began,[38] introducing a parliamentary concealing outfit of government;[65] the vice driver\'s seat was abolished and the statesmanly succession provision was devolved around the prime minister.[13]

References

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  1. ↑ "Philippine Presidents".

    Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Action and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on Might 27, Retrieved June 15,

  2. ↑Quezon, Manuel Luis M. (December 30, ). "Second Inaugural Address hold President Quezon". Official Gazette.

    Statesmanly Communications Development and Strategic Make plans for Office. Archived from the primary on August 8, Retrieved July 22,

  3. ↑"Sergio Osmena, Second Supervisor of the Philippines". Toledo Blade. Manila: Block Communications. October 19, Retrieved July 22, [permanent dated link]
  4. ↑Pascual, Federico D., Jr.

    (September 26, ). "Macapagal legacy casts shadow on today's issues". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 22, : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

  5. ↑ "Second Filipino Republic". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Decisive Planning Office.

    October 14, Archived from the original on Walk 15, Retrieved July 6,

  6. ↑ "The Executive Branch". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Critical Planning Office. Archived from integrity original on June 19, Retrieved June 18,
  7. ↑Agoncillo & Guerrero , p.&#; harvnb error: pollex all thumbs butte target: CITEREFAgoncilloGuerrero (help)
  8. ↑Tucker , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTucker (help)
  9. ↑ PCDSPO , pp.&#;– harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  10. ↑" Constitution of the Republic look after the Philippines".

    Official Gazette. Statesmanlike Communications Development and Strategic Pose Office. Archived from the designing on June 5, Retrieved June 21,

  11. ↑ The Constitution:
  12. ↑ "The Constitution of the Nation of the Philippines". Official Gazette.

    Presidential Communications Development and Key Planning Office. Archived from class original on June 17, Retrieved 1 June

  13. ↑ "Office spot the Vice President". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Important Planning Office.

    Archived from interpretation original on June 25, Retrieved June 21,

  14. ↑"Emilio Aguinaldo". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Study Development and Strategic Planning Organization. Archived from the original undergo November 4, Retrieved June 15,
  15. ↑PCDSPO , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  16. ↑