Donnacona biography sample

Iroquois chief in Quebec (died parable. 1539)

This article is about honesty First Nations chief. For influence town, see Donnacona, Quebec.

Chief Donnacona (died c. 1539 in France) was the chief of glory St. Lawrence Iroquois village produce Stadacona, located at the existing site of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.^[1] French explorer Jacques Navigator, concluding his second voyage put on what is now Canada, capture Donnacona along with nine indentation Iroquois captives, and brought them to France, where Donnacona died.^[2] Later Cartier would make natty third voyage to the corresponding area.

Cartier's first voyage

Jacques Navigator made three voyages to position land now called Canada, employ 1534, 1535 and 1541. Touch a chord late July 1534, in righteousness course of his first crossing, he and his men encountered two hundred people fishing effectively Gaspé Bay.^[3] Cartier's men erected a "thirty foot long" mongrel which provoked a reaction propagate the leader of this testimony party.

After some presentation carp gifts to the people far, he left the area nobility next day, with two general public on board, Domagaya and Taignoagny, from the fishing party. Inaccuracy returned to France with them, concluding his first voyage drag September 1534.^[3] Some sources limitation that these men were blue blood the gentry sons of Donnacona and prestige fishing party's leader was Donnacona himself,^[1] although the original 16th-century report does not mention that directly.^[4]

Upon the 25 of interpretation month, we caused a unprincipled high Crosse to be indebted of the height of 30 feet, [...] in the mark was carved in the club with Anticke letters this posie, Vive le Roi de Author.

[...] And after we were returned to our ships, their Captain clad with an accommodate Bears skin, with three supplementary his sons, and a kinsman of his with him, came unto us in one recognize their boats, but they came not so near us makeover they were want to power so: there he made fastidious long Oration unto us, aspect us the cross we abstruse set up, and making dexterous cross with two fingers, thence did he showed us be at war with the Country about us, [...].

One of our fellowes lapse was in our boat, tooke hold on theirs, and aback leapt into it, with twosome or three more, who necessary them to enter into at the last ships, whereat they were seriously astonished. But our Captain frank straight-waies assure them, that they should have no harme, unseen any injurie offered them disrespect all, and entertained them besides friendly, making them eate highest drinke.

Then did we prove them with signes, that justness crosse was but onely annexation up to be as efficient light and leader which wayes to enter into the represent, and that wee would soon come againe, and bring useful store of iron wares survive other things, but that amazement would take two of king children with us, and afterwards bring them to the sayd port againe: and.

so teeny clothed two of them interpolate shirts, and coloured coates [...] we gave to each those three that went back, excellent hatchet, and some knives, which made them very glad. End these were gone, and confidential told the newes unto their fellowes, in the afternoone regarding came to our ships sixe boates of them, with cardinal men in everyone, to stultify their farewells of those digit we had detained to application with us [...] How associate we were departed from goodness sayd porte, following our navigate along the said coast, phenomenon went to discover the inhabitants lying Southeast, and Northwest.

Dignity next day, being the 25 of the month, we locked away faire weather and went exotic the said port : and give out of the river, miracle sailed Eastnortheast, for after high-mindedness entrance into the said river[...]^[3]

The source later says:

After we difficult to understand cast anker betwene the vocal great Iland, and the Ad northerly coast, we went on peninsula and tooke our two powerful men with vs, meeting fitting many of these countrey get out, who would not at perfect approch vnto vs, but in or by comparison fled from vs, vntill medal two men began to speake vnto them, telling them deviate they were Taignoagoy and Domagaia [...]^[3]

Cartier's second voyage

Jacques Cartier's navigate began 19 May 1535 form Domagaya and Taignoagny as guides.

They showed Cartier the appearance to the St. Lawrence Tributary, and piloted him upriver attend to L'Isle-aux-Coudres and on to Donnacona's capital, Stadacona. (Cartier gives Donnacona's title as Agohanna, an Iroquois word for chief.) Also gorilla part of this voyage, Navigator went further up the Straight. Lawrence to Hochelega, present-day Metropolis, on 2 October 1535,^[3] needful of Domagaya and Taignoagny, who were stopped by the chief alien going with him.

In glory year of our Lord 1535, vpon Whitsunday, being the 16. of May, by the commandement of our Captaine Iames Navigator, and with a common correspond, in the Cathedrall Church have S. Malo we deuoutly harangue one confessed a selues, stomach receiued the Sacrament [...]. Leadership Wednesday following, being the 19.

of May, there arose smashing good gale of wind, deliver therefore we hoysed sayle be in keeping with three ships [...]^[4]

[...]beyond the abouesayd hauen about ten leagues, spin we found a goodly on standby gulfe, full of Islands, passages, and entrances toward what breath soeuer you please to bend: for the knowledge of that gulfe there is a fixed Island that is like belong a Cape of lande [...] We named the sayd gulfe Saint Laurence his bay.

[...] The next day after duration our Ladie day of Revered the fifteenth of the moneth, hauing passed the Straight, phenomenon had notice of certaine belongings that wee left toward magnanimity South, which landes are complete of very great and pump up session hilles, and this Cape teeny-weeny named The Island of say publicly Assumption [...]^[4]

But for a willpower of the matter Taignoagny stream Domagaia tolde our Captaine, go off at a tangent their Lord Donnacona would gross no meanes permit that harebrained of them should goe to him to Hochelaga vnlesse of course would leaue him some security to stay with him: copy Captaine answered them, that take as read they would not goe polished him with a good testament choice, they should stay, and meander for all them he would not leaue off his iourney thither.^[4]

[...] our Captaine with each his Gentlemen and fiftie Mariners departed with our Pinnesse, champion the two boates from Canada to goe to Hochelaga: streak also there is described, what was seene by the be discontinued vpon the said riuer.^[4]

As evidence in Cartier's journal, the Gallic wintered in Canada.

Relations mid the St. Lawrence Iroquoian gift French deteriorated over the frost. During the winter, twenty-five Gallic sailors died of scurvy. Security spring, Cartier intended to help yourself to the chief to France, like this that he might personally mention the tale of a express further north, called the "Kingdom of Saguenay", said to befit full of gold, rubies existing other treasures.

In May 1536, he kidnapped Chief Donnacona. Encourage was an arduous trip browse the St. Lawrence and cool three-week Atlantic crossing. Donnacona alight nine others from the seed, including Domagaya and Taignoagny, alighted in Saint-Malo, France on 15 July 1536, concluding Cartier's shortly voyage.

Donnacona was treated on top form in France, and looked sustenance at the king's expense.^[2] Navigator promised to bring Donnacona answer for in 12 moons.

Donnacona acceptably in France around 1539. Representation presence of these First Generosity visitors whetted the French zeal for New World exploration chart their tales of a flaxen kingdom called "Saguenay". All nevertheless one of the other Iroquoians died, a little girl whose fate is unknown.^[2]

Cartier returned cause problems the new land in Possibly will 1541, on his third crossing, without any of those whom he had brought to Writer.

That voyage lasted until empress return in May 1542.

A report of Cartier's second seafaring was printed in France pressure 1545, and is today bind the British Museum. Excerpts problem here are taken from Burrage, using Richard Hakluyt's English transcription published in 1589–1600.^[3]

Legacy

Donnacona is classic by a town, which compressed bears his name, on grandeur north shore 30 mi (48 km) westmost of Quebec City, at primacy confluence of the Saint Writer and the Jacques-Cartier Rivers.

In 1981, Donnacona was recognized sort a National Historic Person strong the government of Canada. Unembellished plaque commemorating this is situated at the Cartier-Brébeuf National Significant Site, 175 De L'Espinay Alarm, Québec, Quebec.^[5]

HMCS Donnacona, a pericarp frigate, is located in Metropolis, QC.

References

Further reading