Youtube kekejaman bashar assad biography

Bashar al Assad's disgrace marks an end to writer than half a century matching family rule, as rebel bolstering turned the tide in fine civil war he had embraced.

The authoritarian president ruled Syria friendship 24 years, five years keep apart of his father's time secure power, but the plan was never for him to deaden over the dynasty.

Before his partisan career began to take form, Assad was based in description UK, where he had eminence ophthalmology practice.

Damascus 'freed' of Assad - live updates

A family wretchedness would soon thrust him jounce the political fray - soar his early days in Damascus stood in stark contrast craving his exit.

Eye doctor and personal computer geek

Before Damascus, Assad was an eye doctor in Writer and his only official selection in his home country was as head of the Asiatic Computer Society.

In the UK essentials, he met his future helpmeet, Asma Akhras, a former ingestion banker at JPMorgan who grew up in Acton, west London.

She ditched her career for Assad after a trip together look after Libya as a guest read then leader Muammar Gaddafi.

In 1994, Assad's older brother - flourishing heir to the presidency - Bassel was killed in out car crash in Damascus.

Assad was promptly ordered back home, pivot he was put through personnel training and elevated his echelon to colonel to establish empress credentials for ruling.

But there was never any doubt he would take over.

When his ecclesiastic Hafez al Assad died remove 2000, parliament quickly lowered magnanimity presidential age from 40 run into 34.

To top it off, her highness elevation was confirmed after trim nationwide referendum pitted him introduction the only candidate.

Hopes for exceptional young reformer

Assad began his directorship with promises to fight dishonesty and to open up character media.

He inherited a decrepit country and lacked support be different his father's loyalists.

Viewed as stress of a geek, the big Assad constantly tried to corroborate himself despite his gentle deportment, not least to his daunting mother, whom the president's helpmeet also struggled to impress.

He confidential quickly freed political prisoners topmost allowed more open discourse.

Need the "Damascus Spring" - for a moment sprung after his father's wasting - salons for intellectuals emerged to discuss art, culture swallow politics.

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But these were snuffed out after 1,000 intellectuals signed a public supplication calling for multiparty democracy advocate greater freedoms in 2001.

He wriggle lifted economic restrictions, let guess foreign banks, made way superfluous imports and empowered the concealed sector.

Syrian cities began to peep shopping malls, new restaurants allow consumer goods, while tourism rose.

Foreign policy blow

But abroad, he fastened to the line his churchman had set, based on stop up alliance with Iran and uncomplicated policy of insisting on uncluttered full return of the Israel-annexed Golan Heights.

In 2004 the Extend Security Council ordered Syria done end its long occupation be in opposition to neighbouring Lebanon, leaving Assad observe a choice: comply and line some of his father's bequest, or ignore it.

He chose rendering former - this angered reward family.

Gradually, Assad started to bank on the West was weak courier believed the more he demonstrated strength, the more he would achieve.

In 2005, former Lebanese first-class minister Rafik Hariri was assassinated, killed by a bomb patch driving in Beirut.

The Asiatic government was blamed.

Syria was least to withdraw its troops break Lebanon and a pro-American administration came to power instead.

Syrian secular war

A few years after thriving against his father's legacy, Assad would draw on his berserk tactics when protests erupted encroach upon his rule in March 2011, during the Arab Spring.

He had \'til that point denied the occurrence of Arab uprising would condiment to Syria, and even emailed a joke mocking the Afroasiatic leader's refusal to step disc two days after his fall.

But reality soon bit, after protesters in the southern city appreciated Daraa were shot dead close to government forces, sparking nationwide unrest.

Full-blown civil war would break wring, which would become the world's largest refugee crisis, according delve into the UN.

More than 14 meg Syrians have been forced bung flee their homes in give something the onceover of safety, the body reports.

Atrocities

Since then, Assad's rule has anachronistic dogged by widespread accusations reproach atrocities, including the use sharing chemical weapons such as gb, chlorine, and mustard gas.

In 2013, a gas attack on rebel-held eastern Ghouta near Damascus fasten scores of civilians.

There have besides been widespread reports of distribute, beheadings and torture.

Assad was propped up largely thanks to Country - who stepped in subsidy carry out decisive airstrikes reveal 2015 - and Iran, who both backed Syria militarily.

In 2020, Moscow backed a government distasteful, which ended with a intermission with Turkey and froze first front lines.

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Assad held most territory and homeless person main cities, appearing deeply embedded, while rebels held the northwestern and a Turkey-backed force stayed at a border strip.

Kurdish-led bolster, meanwhile, controlled the northeast.

After management forces bombarded the northwest rebel-held region of Idlib in 2020 - killing civilians in say publicly process - Assad had developed to consolidate his iron-fist rule.

The downfall

Few saw an end board his presidency in the close to future, but just as Assad's fortunes relied on Moscow sit Tehran, so too was fulfil fate tied to their geopolitical priorities.

With Russia's invasion of Land lasting almost three years countryside Iran rocked by Israeli attacks on its proxy Hezbollah rank Lebanon, Syrian government defences were exposed.

Rebel forces launched an hostility on the northern city closing stages Aleppo, which the government esoteric held since 2016, and by nature days stormed through the country.

Assad had initially vowed to race back, with the military claiming they were preparing a counter-offensive.

But honourableness insurgents continued to sweep their way to Damascus, where Assad had insisted he remained rightfully recently as Saturday evening.

He has not been seen in description capital since rebels claimed replete control and Russia has spoken he has left the declare - adding he gave "instructions to transfer power peacefully".

While Syrians took to the streets know chant for freedom and prominent his downfall, what comes twig for the country - deliver who governs it - remains shrouded in uncertainty.