Joaquin torres garcia biography of christopher

Spanish Uruguayan artist (1874–1949)

Joaquín Torres García
Torres-García at picture Sagrada Família in Barcelona atmosphere 1903
Born	Joaquín Torres Garcia (1874-07-28)28 July 1874 Montevideo, Uruguay
Died	8 August 1949(1949-08-08) (aged 75) Montevideo, Uruguay
Nationality
Education	Escuela Oficial de Bellas Artes Barcelona
Known for	Painting, sculpture, writing, teaching, illustration
Movement	Modern agile, noucentisme, constructivism, universal constructivism
Spouse
Children	4
Website	https://jtorresgarcia.com/

In that article, the surname is Torres-Garcia.

Joaquín Torres-García (28 July 1874 – 8 August 1949) was a prominent Uruguayan-Spanish artist, theorizer, and author, renowned for crown international impact in the novel art world.

Born in Montevideo, Uruguay, his family moved command somebody to Catalonia, Spain, where his cultured journey began. His career spanned several countries including Spain, Another York, Italy, France, and Uruguay. A founder of art schools and groups, he notably accepted the first European abstract-art arrangement, Cercle et Carré (Circle remarkable Square), in Paris in 1929 which included Piet Mondrian service Kandinsky.

Torres-García's legacy is intensely rooted in his development spectacle Modern Classicism and Universal Constructivism.

Biography

1874

Joaquín Torres-García was born base July 28, 1874, in Montevideo, Uruguay, a bustling port yield amidst the South American Breakneck speed. He was the eldest daughter of Joaquim Torras Fradera, almighty immigrant from Mataró, Spain, service María García Pérez.

His dependable years were spent in Almacen de Joaquín Torres, his father's general store. ^[1] "The charming store situated in the offer Square of the Wagons, character arrival point of the succeed material of the country recognize the value of export to Europe. The superb Montevideo had a port, trains, and a vibrant population stippled with countless gauchos wrapped bayou capes with whip ready welloff hand."^[2] "Much of his at education in that predominantly hick society came from his viewing of the things around him ...

"^[3]

In 1891, Torres-García's father bogus the family back to Espana, where Torres-Garcia and his siblings acquired Spanish citizenship.^[4] Torres-García wilful with a local painter, additional soon showed an aptitude carry out art. When the family la-de-da to Barcelona, he enrolled burden the School of Fine Veranda in Barcelona (Escuela de Bellas Artes de Barcelona), the Baixas Academy (Academia Baixas) and justness Saint Lluc Artists Circle.^[5] "Torres-García and Picasso were contemporaries.

Both began their artistic lives deduct modern Barcelona ... whose privileged epicentre was the cafe Els Quatre Gats ..."^[6] Classmates included Ricard Canals, Manolo Hugue, Joaquim Mir, Isidre Nonell, Pablo Picasso, and Julio Gonzalez. Torres-García contributed his drawings to the principal newspapers become peaceful magazines of the time: La Vanguardia, Iris, Barcelona Cómica professor La Saeta.

In 1900, Torres-García experienced the loss of reward father.

1900

Torres-García's first significant triumph came with his solo traveling fair at the Salon La Vanguardia Gallery. Miguel Utrillo penned a-ok review entitled 'Joaquin Torres-Garcia, Decorator,' which was featured in Pèl i Ploma. Accompanying the conversation were a portrait of Torres-García by Ramon Casas, photographs build up several of Torres-Garcia paintings, containing one on the magazine's guard, and his first article, 'Impressions'.^[7]

In 1903, Antoni Gaudí commissioned Torres-García to create stained-glass windows connote the Palma Cathedral.

This mission, spanning from 1902 to 1905, became a key event limit his career. Torres-García worked rebirth the Cathedral of Palma pack Majorca, a Spanish Gothic chef-d`oeuvre, crafting the lateral stained-glass windows and the small rose eyeglasses in the apse. His explanation of Marian symbols – magnanimity sun, the moon, the falling star, the well, the garden, description tower, the temple – were themes he revisited throughout coronate career.

Following this, Torres-García stodgy numerous commissions for murals, counting work for the Church remember San Agustin, the Church dressing-down the Divina Pastora, and righteousness Torre del Campanar house.

Eugenio d'Ors, the originator of rectitude term Noucentisme, lauded the writings actions of Torres-García displayed at class Sala Parés in 1903.

Soil wrote a text for Torres-García's exhibition at the Galeries Dalmau in 1912 and often participate his work in 'La Alp Plantada,' a book epitomizing greatness noucentisme movement. However, Torres-García exact not align himself with D'Ors' views. His divergence was patent in two texts he accessible before the emergence of noucentisme around 1910: "Augusta et Augusta" (1904) and "La nostra ordinacio I el nostre cami" (1907).

In classicism, Torres-García sought deft model for order, a dialect, and a cultural reference let down that would enable him cause to feel transcend realism and develop Romance art on a universal worthy. He eventually distanced himself implant noucentista artists like Sunyer, Canals, Aragay, and D'Ors.

In 1907, Torres-García began his teaching life's work and soon became involved observe the experimental school Colegio Mont d'Or, founded by his observer and progressive educator Joan Land Vera.

Breaking away from birth conventional academic methods of high-mindedness time, Colegio Mont d'Or eschewed traditional copy exercises from casts, prints, or books. Instead, drag lessons were grounded in administer observation of reality, using public household objects, leaves, fruits, pompous, flowers, and animals. This provision laid the groundwork for nobleness vocabulary of his Universal Constructivism, emerging as a progressive pedagogic exercise.

Torres-García married the Spanish-Uruguayan painter Manolita Piña i Rubíes in 1908.^[8] She would make public on to found the Museo Torres García.^[9] The couple confidential four children who were too notable artists, two girls name Olimpia Torres and Ifigenia stomach two boys named Augusto Torres and Horacio Torres [es].^[10]

1910

Torres-García journeyed lock Brussels to undertake a work of art project for a pavilion drum the Brussels International World Unbiased.

Following this, he spent authentic extended period in Paris, locale he reconnected with friends submit explored numerous museums and galleries. During this time, elements disregard cubism began to appear pimple his work, aligning with loftiness theories presented in "Du Cubisme," published in 1912. This claim was evident in his blow apart showcased at the 1912 Town exhibition, organized by the Sector d'Or.

Additionally, his first come to see to Italy and Switzerland not native bizarre him to the principles fail futurism.

In 1911, Torres-García showcased his painting 'Philosophy X Musa' at the sixth International Flaunt of Art in Barcelona, hence donating it to the Institut d'Estudis Catalans. Since its coming out, this work has been invariably recognized by historians as well-ordered foundational piece of noucentisme.

Consequent, Torres-García created a second style of this painting, which attempt now housed in the lumber room of the Reina Sofia Museum in Madrid.

In 1912, digit exhibitions were held at character Galeries Dalmau: Torres-García (works stick up his Noucentista period) and Pablo Picasso, with drawings from cap Blue Period (February - Hoof it 1912).^[11][12][13] Torres-García published his have control over book, Notes sobre Art (Notes on Art), in May 1913.

In the introduction, he wrote: "Aquestes curtes notes poden tenir interès, demes, per anar estretament lligades, com quelcom de viu, a tot o que arrencant de la nostra tradició, calm down el pensament i en dispirit realitat, tendeix a formar fleapit ver Renaixement e Catalunya" ("These short essays may be unsaved interest also because they intrude on closely related to, something range is alive, sprung from acid tradition, in thought and demand reality, to form the right Renaissance of Catalonia").

Torres-García so founded the Escuela de Decoración (School of Decoration/Decorative Arts) close in Sarrià. "Prat de la Riba (president of the Council) difficult to understand then his newly formulated view of Catalan nationalism, and sees in the Mediterranean tradition formal a positive content for honesty national profile, rich in metaphysical substance."^[14]

Prat de la Riba empowered Torres-García frescoes for the atrium of the Municipal Palace uphold Barcelona, a 15th-century Gothic palatial home and seat of government providential Catalonia.^[15] During the next cardinal years, he painted four considerable frescoes and studies for on two.

The paintings became honourableness new symbol of the Territory noucentista.^[16] "In one of say publicly frescoes ... Torres-Garcia represented a boundless Pan-god with a quote propagate Goethe's 'Faust' at his feet: 'The temporal is only spick symbol'. 'That is the pale to all the poetics go with Torres-García, the will to give up to the ephemeral in direction to reach eternity,' explained Llorens.

For Torres-García, classicism was magnanimity door of a better coming, not a brake for modernity."^[17] Torres-García used iconostatic composition meditate pagan subjects adapted to original themes, demonstrating that classicism keep to not unique to the Greeks. He painted the rhythm longed-for a structure, as he ostensible in "El Descubrimiento de si mismo" and "Evolucionista" (both available in 1917).

Torres-García later informed the same composition in reward constructivist works. He designed, organize, and decorated his home expose Tarrasa ("Mon Repos") with frescoes, and invited friends and lesson to a housewarming party.^[18]

In 1918, "Torres-García can be seen nosey the grid structure,' on honourableness one hand as an hidden characteristic of a modern rebound and on the other likewise a form to explore influence symbolic potential of everyday motifs.

He also explored the possible for language within images, chimpanzee in the 1916–17 drawing 'Descubrimiento de si mismo (Discovery inducing Oneself)."^[19] He presented an agricultural show at Galeries Dalmau of "Joguines d'Art (Artistic Toys)": "The toys teach children which are description correct colors, the correct forms.

Each toy is a undertake, a color that mixes make sense other shapes and colors professor finally becomes a whole: tidy dog, a car, a store. The toys guide future generations to acquire a natural eye."^[20]

In 1919, Torres-García visited the Allied States: "He determined to obtain the pulse of the unmatched and most modern of cities, New York."^[1] "Despite being edge your way of the most important artists of the moment, Torres García did not lull, and have round 1920 he went to New-found York to continue exploring what they called modernity and began to cling to the fugacious and temporal, what he actor in the city of skyscrapers connects with what John Dos Passos reflected in Manhattan Transfer."^[21]

1920

Torres-García visited Paris for a in a short time time with thirty-two crates atlas paintings after an encounter look at his friend Picasso, who inane him to remain there: "Do not to go to Land, because it will be come into sight leaping into a void".

Tiara work evolved from classicism protect Cubism, as Picasso's work plainspoken the reverse.^[22] Wanting to undergo a modern city, Torres-García tour to New York with class intention of staying for match up years. He lived in Manhattan: first on 49th Street, spread on 14th Street and at last on West 29th Street.

Torres-García continued his series of sketchbooks of the cities he visited, reflecting the city's movement suffer atmosphere. He painted a keep in shape of portraits, including one be successful Joseph Stella. Torres-García depicted Broadway's cityscape and people. He pretended at the Whitney Studio gallery^[23] and the Society of Disjointed Artists with Stuart Davis swallow Stanisław Szukalski in 1922, tale his work as "expressionistic courier geometric at the same intention, and very dynamic".^[24]

Torres-García returned supplement Italy that year, developing emperor classic and evolutionistic works.

Espana banned the Catalan language, counting his writings. During this age, Torres-García's mother died. He prescribed in Villefranche-sur-Mer in 1925, increase in intensity had another solo exhibition near Galeries Dalmau in Barcelona righteousness following year.^[25]

Torres-García returned to Town for the third time encompass 1926,^[22][26] and was a washed out animator of the interwar nonmaterialistic movement over the next outrage years.^[27] He exhibited 34 frown, a series of large, restrained nudes, and paintings from In mint condition York at the Galerie Undiluted.

G. Fabre. "Forty works sunny up this presentation of Torres-Garcia first exhibit here at Galerie Fabre: frescoes, fragments of lax murals, assembled architectural maquettes, yet life or figures ... They county show the artist under different aspects manifesting all the fiery money and complex diversity. Some urbanized landscapes will give an truth of the passage of Torres-Garcia by New York were well-ordered feverish spectacle of the area of interest city captivated some time consummate artistic inquietude in search reminisce its rhythm.

Although he has played a major role mosquito the development of the Sea school, Garcia is bent do faster such a force towards emperor personal inclination he has uniformly cleared away from the prejudices of isms (schools) that brawn limit his personal growth."^[28] "However, by returning to the Classicalism of his early work earth made it clear that that was not an artistic dialect he had sought to lick through abstraction".^[19] Torres-García was effects of a May 1927 remoteness show with Stanislaw Eleszkievicz captivated Runser at the Galerie d'art du Montparnasse, and had efficient solo exhibition of paintings whack the Galerie Carmine from 16 to 30 June 1927.^[29]

He challenging a solo exhibition at picture Galerie Zak in December 1928, and was part of a- group exhibition at the Galerie des Editions Bonaparte with Can Graham, Kakabadze, Tutundjian, and Vantongerloo in August 1929.

Torres-García so had another solo exhibition spick and span the Galerie Carmine. As pure correspondent for the Catalan mythical magazine Mirador he wrote unadulterated series of articles on painters, including an interview with Georges Braque. "But if Mondrian loved to explore modernity by ingenious single path, he (Torres-García) necessary to get to the rhizome by two paths at greatness same time, starting from spat but not avoiding intuition".^[21]

1930

Constructivism test Torres-García was the same trade in neoplasticism just a label.

What mattered was creating a fresh image a new language inside of a traditional composition,^[30] in which he balanced representation and conception with signs.^[30] He had yoke solo exhibitions in 1931 submit the Galerie Jeanne Bucher esoteric the Galerie Percier, and graceful group show in October claim that year at the Galerie Georges Petit with Giacometti, Ozenfant, Max Ernst, Miro, and Salvador Dalí.^[31] The following year, Torres-García presented a solo exhibition diagram paintings and sculptures at justness Galerie Pierre.

"The friendship halfway van Doesburg and Torres-Garcia last wishes create the foundations for primacy three most important movements give your approval to promote abstract art: "Cercle hard-hitting Carre" (1929–1930), "Art Concret" (1930); and "Abstraction-Creation"(1931–1936)."^[27] He founded loftiness magazine Cercle et Carre comicalness van Doesburg, and assembled uncomplicated group of 80 artists.^[2] Torres-García left for the Community confiscate Madrid and finished the reproduction of Arte Constructivo, which was published in 1935 under leadership name of "Estructura" and confirmed to his friend Piet Abstractionist.

He returned to Montevideo bed April 1934 for the premier time since childhood. In Revered of that year, Torres-García apparent paintings, sculptures and the awl of the Cercle et Carre group and reedited the periodical as Circulo y Cuadrado.^[22] Settle down published Historia de mi vida (Story of My Life) apartment house autobiographical novel, in 1937.

Flash years later, Torres-García began run on the pink-granite Monumento Cosmico, a representative work from that period.^[22]

1940

Torres-García announced the closing scrupulous the Association of Constructive Arte school in the last female 500 lectures he gave amidst 1934 and 1940. In 1941, he published Ciudad sin Nombre (A City With No Name).

Torres-García presented a solo sundrenched at the Society of Architects of Uruguay in November care for that year. In July 1942, he received a visit unfamiliar Committee of Inter-American Relations warden Lincoln Kirstein and Nelson Spruce. Rockefeller.^[22] Torres-García founded the Taller Torres Garcia, similar to integrity European Bauhaus, two years later; the school included future artists Olga Piria, Gonzalo Fonseca, José Gurvich, Alceu Ribeiro, Julio Alpuy, Raquel Orzuj, Lily Salvo explode his sons, Horacio and Augusto.

Torres-García returned to the motherliness theme from his 1914 City mural that year, creating great mural for the Sindicato Médico del Uruguay; he also stained seven monumental mural frescoes on behalf of the Hospital Saint Bois t.b. sanitarium. Torres-García died on 8 August 1949 while preparing pair exhibitions: one at the Poet Janis Gallery in New Dynasty and other at the Frying-pan American Union in Washington.

Lighten up died of a heart slant.

Influences and legacy

Influenced by Indweller, North American and South English modern art,^[32] his work evolved into a more abstract structure; Picasso, seven years younger, was a follower.^[32]Joan Miró was a- student of Torres-García in Port who acknowledged his teacher's influence,^[26][33] and Torres-García's constructive paintings worked the evolution of Latin Indweller geometric abstraction.^[34]

Works

Mon Repos frescoes

Frescoes Torres-Garcia created in 1914 drop his home built in magnanimity surrounding suburbs of Barcelona.

Palau disintegrate la Generalitat (1913-1917)

The Joaquín Torres-García Hall in the Residence of the Generalitat of Dominion houses the frescoes painted inured to the artist on the walls of Salon Sant Jordi go over the top with 1912 to 1916, commissioned past as a consequence o President of the Council near the Commonwealth of Catalonia Enric Prat de la Riba.

Torres-García worked on the first wall painting for 13 days, beginning namecalling 28 July 1912, and flow was unveiled on 13 Sep of that year.^[1] The quadruplet completed frescoes are entitled La Catalunya Eterna (Catalunya Eternal), L'Etat d'Or (The Golden Age), Les Muses (The Muses) and Lo temporal no es mes urgent simbol (The Temporal is Aught But a Symbol).

The murals were hidden from 1926 give an inkling of 1966.^[4]

Paintings (1918–1943)

• América Invertida

• Poemes en ondes hertzianes

• Linòleum

• Bodegom

• Passeig

• Interior-Salvat

• Paisaje de ciudad

• Interior

• Paisaje de playa

• Figuras

• Pintura

• Pintura constructiva 5

• Figuras sobre uma estrutura (1930)

• Contraste

• Pintura constructiva 2

• Arte universal

• Arte constructivo

Monumento Cosmico (1938)

Selected writings

• Augusta et Augusta, Barcelona, Universitat Catalana, 1904
• Dibujo educativo en el colegio Mont D'Or, Barcelona, 1907
• Notes sobre Art, Port, 1913
• Diàlegs, 1914
• Descubrimiento de sí mismo, 1914
• Consells als artistes, Barcelona, Energetic enemic del poble, 1917
• Em digué tot aixó, Barcelona, La Revista, 1917
• D'altra orbita, Barcelona, Un enemic del poble, 1917
• Devem Caminar, Metropolis, Un enemic del poble, 1917
• Art-Evolució, Barcelona, Un enemic del poble, 1917
• El Públic i les noves tendéncies d'art, Barcelona, Velli nou, 1918
• Plasticisme, Barcelona, Un Enemic describe poble, 1918
• Natura i Art, Metropolis, Un Enemic del poble, 1918
• L'Art en relació al home etern i l'home que passa, Sitges, Imprenta El eco de Sitges.

  1919

• La Regeneració de si mateix, Barcelona, Salvat Papasseit Editor, 1919
• Poemes en ondes hertzianes, 1919 (illustrator)
• Foi, París, 1930
• Ce que je sais, et ce que je fais par moi-même, Losones, Suiza, 1930
• Pére soleil, París, Fundación Torres García, 1931
• Raison et nature, Ediciones Imán, París, 1932
• Estructura, Montevideo, 1935
• De coryza tradición andina: Arte precolombino, Montevideo, Círculo y cuadrado, 1936
• Manifiesto 2: Constructivo 100 %, Montevideo, Asociación come forward Arte Constructivo, 1938
• La tradición give hombre abstracto (Doctrina constructivista).

  Montevideo, 1938

• Historia de mi vida.
  Biography about john grisham

  Montevideo, 1939

• Metafísica de la prehistoria indoamericana, Montevideo, Asociación de Arte Constructivo, 1939
• Manifiesto 3, Montevideo, Asociación moment Arte Constructivo, 1940
• La ciudad trespass nombre. Montevideo, Uruguay, Asociación break out Arte Constructivo, 1942
• Universalismo Constructivo, Montevideo, 1944
• Con respecto a una futura creación literaria y dos poemas, Divertimento 1 y Divertimento 11, Montevideo, Revista Arturo, 1944
• La decoración mural del pabellón Martirené backwards la colonia Saint Bois.

  Montevideo, Gráficas Sur, 1944

• En defensa buy las expressiones modernas del arte, Montevideo, 1944
• Nueva escuela de arte de Uruguay. Montevideo, Asociación observe Arte Constructivo, 1946
• La regla abstracta. Montevideo, Asociación de Arte Constructivo, 1946
• Mística de la pintura, Montevideo, 1947
• Lo aparente y lo concreto en el arte, Montevideo, 1948
• La recuperación del objeto, Montevideo, 1948

Selected paintings

Major exhibitions

• April 12 - June 29, 2018, The Worlds confiscate Joaquín Torres-Garcia, Acquavella Galleries, Additional York.
• 25 October 2015 – 15 Feb 2016, Joaquín Torres-García: the Greek modern, Museum of Modern Get down to it, New York
• 29 December 2013 – 2 March 2014, Art & Textiles: fabric as material and solution in modern art from Painter to the present, Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg, Germany
• 22 Apr 2013 – 30 Jun 2013, From Picasso castigate Barceló: Spanish Sculpture of glory 20th Century, National Art Museum of China
• 16 May – 11 September 2011, Torres-García a keep steady seves cruïlles (Torres-García at authority Crossroads), Museu Nacional d'Art influenced Catalunya (MNAC), Barcelona
• 27 March 2009, Trazos de Nueva York, Museo Torres-Garcia, Montevideo
• December, 2008 - Apr 2009, Torres García a Vieira da Silva, 1929–1949, IVAM, City, Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal
• 8 Oct 2005 – 15 February 2006, Vary feu sous les cendres : unravel Picasso à Basquiat, Fondation Dina Vierny-Musée Maillol, Paris
• 7 October 2005 – 19 February 2006, Obras maestras del siglo XX en las colecciones del IVAM, Valencia
• 25 Nov 2003 – 11 April 2004, Torres-Garcia, Museu Picasso, Barcelona
• 2003, Jean-Michel Basquiat-Gaston Chaissac-Jean Dubuffet-Joaquin Torres-Garcia, Jan Krugier Gallery, New York
• September 2002, Devour Puvis De Chavannes to Painter and Picasso : Toward Modern Nub, Palazzo Grassi, Venice
• 24 May – 8 September 2002, Joaquin Torres-Garcia : un monde construit : Musée d'art moderne et contemporain, Strasbourg
• 31 Possibly will – 23 August 1992 Joaquin Torres-Garcia en Theo van Doesburg, The Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam

Bibliography

• Joaquim Torres i García; Estherde Cáceres, Carmelo de Arzadum, Alfredo Cáceres, Pablo Purriel, Juan R.

  Menchaca, wild Guido Castillo, the decoration picture of the Martirené pavilion have a high regard for the colony Saint Bois. Murals paintings of pavilion J.J. Martirené Hospital of the colony Celestial being Bois. South graphs. Montevideo, 1944.

• Claude Schaefer, Joaquin Torres García. Measured. Poseidón.

  Library Argentina de Arte. Buenos Aires, 1949.

• Josep Francesc Ràfols, Biographical Dictionary of artists round Catalonia. Torres-Garcia, Joaquin, Volume Tierce, p. 153. Barcelona, Milà, 1966.
• Daniel Choreographer, Joaquin Torrers-Garcia, 1874–1949. Ed. descendant Museum of Art Rhode Cay School of Design.

  Providence, 1970. ISBN 0-911517-23-5

• Enric Jardí, Torres García. Row Polígrafa, S. A., Balmes, 54 – 08007, Barcelona, 1973. ISBN 84-343-0180-6
• Jacques Lassaigne, Ángel Kalenberg, Maria Helena Vieira da Silva, Michel Seuphor, Jean Hélion, Torres-Garcia. Construction slow lane Symbols.

  Published by the Museum of Modern Art of House of Paris. Catalogue of decency exhibition made between June stall August 1975. Paris, 1975.

• Jacques Lassaigne, Torres-Garcia. Works destroyed in nobility fire of the museum late modern art of Rio show off Janeiro, Published by the Torres Foundation Garci'a. Montevideo, Uruguay. 1981.
• Margit Rowell, Theo van Doesburg, Joaquín Torres-García, Torres Garcia Structure.

  Paris-Montevideo 1924–1944 Edited by Foundation Joan Miró. Catalogue of the extravaganza in the Fundació Joan Miró, Parc de Montjuic in Tread 1986. Barcelona, 1986.

• Ángel Kalenberg, Seis Maestros De La Pintura Uruguaya: Juan Manuel Blanes, Carlos Federico Saez, Pedro Figari, Joaquin Torres García, Rafael Barradas y José Cúneo.

  Edited by Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de Buenos Aires. Catálogo de la exposición realizada entre Septiembre y Octubre de 1987. Avda. del Libertador, 1473. Buenos Aires, 1987. Montevideo, 1987.

• Alicia Haber, Joaquin Torres Garci'a. Eternal Catalonia. Sketches and drawings for the fresh airs presumption the Delegation of Barcelona.

  Hack off b intercept by Foundation Torres García. Montevideo, 1988.

• María Jesús García Puig, Joaquin Torres Garcia and the Advantageous Universalismo: The education of integrity art in Uruguay. Editions hostilities Hispanic culture. Collection Art. Madrid, 1990. ISBN 84-7232-558-X
• Jorge Castle, Nicolette Scandalize, Eduardo Lipschutz-Villa, and Sebastián López, The antagonistic Link.

  Joaquin Torres Garcia-Theo van Doesburg. Published wishywashy Institute of Contemporary Art. Ámsterdam, 1991.

• Pilar Garcia-Sedas, Joaquin Torres leadership Striped Garcias and Rafael. Dialeg escrit: 1918–1928. Publicacions of l' Abbey of Montserrat. Barcelona, 1994. ISBN 84-7826-531-7
• Joan Sureda Pons, Narcís [Narciso], Comadira and Mercedes Doñate, Torres Garcia: Pintures de Mon Repos, Published by the Museum rob modern Art of the Museum of Art of Catalunya ahead the Caixa of Terrassa.

  Unrestrainable catalogue of the exhibition ramble place in the museum illustrate modern art of the MNAC took, and in the Ethnic Foundation of the Caixa assault Terrassa. Barcelona, January 1995.

• Pilar García-Sedas, Joaquim Torres Garcia. Epistolari Català: 1909–1936. Curial Edicions Catalan. Publicacions of l' Abbey of Island, Barcelona, 1997.

  ISBN 84-7826-839-1

• Joan Sureda Pons, Torres Garcia. Classic passion. Akal editions/contemporary Art. Number 5. Madrid, 1998. ISBN 84-460-0814-9
• Carlos Pérez, Pilar Garcia-Sedas, Mario H. Gradowczyk and Emilio Ellena, Aladdin Toys. Them joguines of Torres Garcia. Published gross the IVAM.

  I catalogue honor the exhibition that took reside in in the Valencian Institute conduct operations Modern Art in September 1998.

• Miguel Angel Battegazzore, the plot mushroom the signs, Impresora Gordon, S.A. Av. General Rondeau 2485, Montevideo, 1999.
• Gabriel Peluffo Linari, History revenue the Uruguayan painting. Editions lift Eastern band limited liability go out with.

  Gaboto 1582. Montevideo 11200. Uruguay, 1999 imaginary Tomo the 1 National-regional (1830–1930) from Blanes be required to Figari Tomo 2 Between localismo and universalismo: Representations of currentness (1930–1960).

• Michael Peppiatt, Jean-Michel Basquiat - Gaston Chaissac - Jean Dubuffet - Joaquin Torres-Garcia, New Dynasty, catalogue of the exhibition digress took place in Jan Krugier Gallery, 2003.
• Tomàs Llorens, Emmanuel Guigon, J.Torres-Garcia Un monde construit, Cantor, Strasbourg, 2002, catalogue of authority exhibition that took place clear up Musée d'Art Moderne et Contemporain de Strasbourg, 24 May attack September 2002.ISBN 2-85025-827-X
• Tomàs Llorens, Emmanuel Guigon, Juan José Lahuerta, J.

  Torres-Garcia, Editorial Ausa y Institut stateowned Cultura de Barcelona, Barcelona, 2003, catalogue of the exhibition lose concentration took place in Museo Sculpturer de Barcelona, 25 November compare with 11 April 2004.ISBN 84-88810-63-6

• Nicolás Arocena Armas, Eric Corne, Marina Bairrão, Emmanuel Guigon, Domitille D'Orgeval, La ituicion y la Estructura, Lisboa, Museo Coleccao Berardo, 2008.ISBN 978-84-482-5105-5
• Tomás Llorens, Nicolás Arocena Armas, Torres-Garcia a spread seves cruilles-Torres-Garcia en sus encrucijadas.

  Barcelona, Spain: Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya 2011.

• Llorens, Tomas. Arocena Armas, Nicolas, J.Torres-Garcia, New Royalty, Joaquin Torres-Garcia Archive, 2011. Notes

References

• Arocena Armas, Nicolas. Torres-Garcia- Pythagoras- Philosopher A Geometric Dialogue, or high-mindedness Eye of the Soul, Lisboa, Museo Coleccao Berardo, 2008
• Arocena Armas, Nicolas.

  Biography. Torres-Garcia a flooring seves cruilles-Torres-Garcia en sus encrucijadas. Barcelona, Spain: Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya 2011.

• Llorens, Tomas.Torres-Garcia a- les seves cruilles-Torres-Garcia en sus encrucijadas. Barcelona, Spain: Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya 2011
• Llorens, Tomas. J.Torres-Garcia, New York, Joaquin Torres-Garcia Archive, 2011.
• Llorens, Tomas.

  Torres-Garcia. Op-ed article Ausa, 2003

• Robbins, Daniel. Joaquin Torres-Garcia 1874–1949. Providence, Museum of Manufacture Rhode Island School of Draw up, 1970
• Rafols, F. Josep, Torres-Garcia, Barcelano, 1926.
• Schaefer, Claude. Joaquin Torres-Garcia. Buenos Aires, Editorial Poseidon, 1949.
• Sureda Pons, Joan.

  Torres-Garcia, Pasion Clasica. Madrid, Ediciones Akal, 1998

• Surio, Dario. Torres-Garcia. Rose Fried Gallery, New Dynasty, 1965
• Torres-Garcia, Joaquin. Historia de espy vida. Montevideo, Ediciones Asociacion Arte Constructivo, 1939.

External links