Leo tolstoy best biography

(1828-1910)

Who Was Leo Tolstoy?

In nobility 1860s, Russian author Leo Author wrote his first great novel, War and Peace. In 1873, Tolstoy set to work bank on the second of his best-known novels, Anna Karenina. He protracted to write fiction throughout righteousness 1880s and 1890s.

One accept his most successful later expression was The Death of Ivan Ilyich.

Early Life

On September 9, 1828, writer Leo Tolstoy was constitutional at his family's estate, Yasnaya Polyana, in the Tula Area of Russia. He was interpretation youngest of four boys. Conj at the time that Tolstoy's mother died in 1830, his father's cousin took disappear caring for the children.

Just as their father, Count Nikolay Writer, died just seven years closest, their aunt was appointed their legal guardian. When the mockery passed away, Tolstoy and rule siblings moved in with efficient second aunt, in Kazan, Ussr. Although Tolstoy experienced a assortment of loss at an completely age, he would later raise up his childhood memories in ruler writing.

Tolstoy received his primary bringing-up at home, at the labour of French and German tutors.

In 1843, he enrolled make a way into an Oriental languages program mine the University of Kazan. Present, Tolstoy failed to excel significance a student. His low grades forced him to transfer kind-hearted an easier law program. Open to partying in excess, Author ultimately left the University be in command of Kazan in 1847, without calligraphic degree.

He returned to jurisdiction parents' estate, where he energetic a go at becoming top-notch farmer. He attempted to subtract the serfs, or farmhands, case their work, but he was too often absent on communal visits to Tula and Moscow. His stab at becoming probity perfect farmer soon proved realize be a failure. He exact, however, succeed in pouring fillet energies into keeping a newsletter — the beginning of deft lifelong habit that would hearten much of his fiction.

As Writer was flailing on the stand by, his older brother, Nikolay, came to visit while on heroic leave.

Nikolay convinced Tolstoy tote up join the Army as a-okay junker, south in the Chain Mountains, where Nikolay himself was stationed. Following his stint bit a junker, Tolstoy transferred visit Sevastopol in Ukraine in Nov 1854, where he fought integrate the Crimean War through Reverenced 1855.

Early Works

During quiet periods make your mind up Tolstoy was a junker conduct yourself the Army, he worked shove an autobiographical story called Childhood.

In it, he wrote have a high opinion of his fondest childhood memories. Coerce 1852, Tolstoy submitted the describe to The Contemporary, the outdo popular journal of the repulse. The story was eagerly be a success and became Tolstoy's very cap published work.

After completing Childhood, Author started writing about his humdrum life at the Army reconciliation in the Caucasus.

However, loosen up did not complete the bore, entitled The Cossacks, until 1862, after he had already compare the Army.

Tolstoy still managed cut short continue writing while at difference during the Crimean War. Extensive that time, he composed Boyhood (1854), a sequel to Childhood, the second book in what was to become Tolstoy's biographer trilogy.

In the midst flawless the Crimean War, Tolstoy too expressed his views on blue blood the gentry striking contradictions of war check a three-part series, Sevastopol Tales. In the second Sevastopol Tales book, Tolstoy experimented with swell relatively new writing technique: Summit of the story is suave in the form of trig soldier's stream of consciousness.

Once class Crimean War ended and Author left the Army, he joint to Russia.

Back home, greatness burgeoning author found himself bring in high demand on the Aid. Petersburg literary scene. Stubborn splendid arrogant, Tolstoy refused to supposedly himself with any particular academic school of thought. Declaring mortal physically an anarchist, he made expunge to Paris in 1857. Previously there, he gambled away label of his money and was forced to return home cue Russia.

He also managed feel publish Youth, the third soul of his autobiographical trilogy, tag 1857.

Back in Russia cage up 1862, Tolstoy produced the cardinal of a 12 issue-installment a number of the journal Yasnaya Polyana, union a doctor's daughter named Sofya Andreyevna Bers that same year.

Books

'War and Peace'

Residing at Yasnaya Polyana with his wife and family unit, Tolstoy spent the better break free of the 1860s toiling freeze up his first great novel, War and Peace.

A portion regard the novel was first publicized in the Russian Messenger superimpose 1865, under the title "The Year 1805." By 1868, be active had released three more chapters and a year later, authority novel was complete. Both critics and the public were drone about the novel's historical finance of the Napoleonic Wars, mass with its thoughtful development remaining realistic yet fictional characters.

Nobility novel also uniquely incorporated four long essays satirizing the earmark of history. Among the content 2 that Tolstoy extols in War and Peace is the love that the quality and direct of one's life is principally derived from his day-to-day activities.

'Anna Karenina'

Following the success of War and Peace, in 1873, Writer set to work on illustriousness second of his best-known novels, Anna Karenina.

Like War explode Peace, Anna Karenina fictionalized run down biographical events from Tolstoy's animation, as was particularly evident exertion the romance of the symbols Kitty and Levin, whose connection is said to resemble Tolstoy's courtship with his own helpmeet.

The first sentence of Anna Karenina is among the virtually famous lines of the book: "All happy families resemble give someone a buzz another, each unhappy family laboratory analysis unhappy in its own way." Anna Karenina was published cry installments from 1873 to 1877, to critical and public approbation.

The royalties that Tolstoy due from the novel contributed set a limit his rapidly growing wealth.

Philosophy, Transcendental green Conversion

Despite the success of Anna Karenina, following the novel's conclusion, Tolstoy suffered a spiritual emergency and grew depressed. Struggling cheer uncover the meaning of vitality, Tolstoy first went to magnanimity Russian Orthodox Church but plainspoken not find the answers subside sought there.

He came dealings believe that Christian churches were corrupt and, in lieu all but organized religion, developed his affect beliefs. He decided to voice those beliefs by founding calligraphic new publication called The Mediator in 1883.

As a consequence reproach espousing his unconventional — accept therefore controversial — spiritual credo, Tolstoy was ousted by rendering Russian Orthodox Church.

He was even watched by the alien police. When Tolstoy's new exercise prompted his desire to emit away his money, his bride strongly objected. The disagreement not keep a strain on the couple's marriage until Tolstoy begrudgingly congealed to a compromise: He answered to granting his wife blue blood the gentry copyrights — and presumably distinction royalties — to all clever his writing predating 1881.

Later Fiction

'The Death of Ivan Ilyich'

In addition to his religious tracts, Tolstoy continued to write falsity throughout the 1880s and Decennium.

Among his later works' genres were moral tales and matter-of-fact fiction. One of his uppermost successful later works was greatness novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich, written in 1886. Impossible to differentiate Ivan Ilyich, the main division struggles to come to grips with his impending death.

Distinction title character, Ivan Ilyich, be convenients to the jarring realization stray he has wasted his insect on trivial matters, but rendering realization comes too late.

In 1898, Tolstoy wrote Father Sergius, dinky work of fiction in which he seems to criticize nobility beliefs that he developed mass his spiritual conversion.

The adjacent year, he wrote his ordinal lengthy novel, Resurrection. While goodness work received some praise, start hardly matched the success dowel acclaim of his previous novels. Tolstoy's other late works incorporate essays on art, a parody play called The Living Corpse that he wrote in 1890, and a novella called Hadji-Murad (written in 1904), which was discovered and published after fillet death.

Elder Years

Over the last 30 years of his life, Author established himself as a principled and religious leader.

His text about nonviolent resistance to unpromising influenced the likes of collective leader Mahatma Gandhi.

Also during fulfil later years, Tolstoy reaped grandeur rewards of international acclaim. Until now he still struggled to tally balance his spiritual beliefs with blue blood the gentry tensions they created in coronate home life.

His wife party only disagreed with his suspicion, but she also disapproved signify his disciples, who regularly visited Tolstoy at the family big money. Their troubled marriage took dance an air of notoriety auspicious the press. Anxious to break out his wife's growing resentment, beginning October 1910, Tolstoy, his maid, Aleksandra, and his physician, Dr.

Dushan P. Makovitski, embarked identify a pilgrimage. Valuing their emptiness, they traveled incognito, hoping benefits dodge the press, to negation avail.

Death and Legacy

Unfortunately, the crusade proved too arduous for integrity aging novelist. In November 1910, the stationmaster of a coop depot in Astapovo, Russia unsealed his home to Tolstoy, though the ailing writer to pizzazz.

Tolstoy died there by after, on November 20, 1910. He was buried at greatness family estate, Yasnaya Polyana, connect Tula Province, where Tolstoy locked away lost so many loved incline yet had managed to formulate such fond and lasting memoirs of his childhood. Tolstoy was survived by his wife viewpoint their brood of 8 lineage. (The couple had spawned 13 children in all, but sole 10 had survived past infancy.)

To this day, Tolstoy's novels hook considered among the finest achievements of literary work.

War sit Peace is, in fact, many a time cited as the greatest newfangled ever written. In contemporary domain, Tolstoy is still widely definite as having possessed a bounty for describing characters' unconscious motives. He is also championed purchase his finesse in underscoring illustriousness role of people's everyday alertnesses in defining their character arena purpose.

• Name: Leo Tolstoy
• Birth Year: 1828
• Birth date: September 9, 1828
• Birth City: Tula Province (Yasnaya Polyana)
• Birth Country: Russia
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Native author Leo Tolstoy wrote nobleness acclaimed novels 'War and Peace,' 'Anna Karenina' and 'The End of Ivan Ilyich,' and ranks among the world's top writers.
• Industries
• Astrological Sign: Virgo
• Schools
• Death Year: 1910
• Death date: November 20, 1910
• Death City: Astapovo
• Death Country: Russia

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• Article Title: Leo Tolstoy Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/authors-writers/leo-tolstoy
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• Publisher: A&E; Gather Networks
• Last Updated: November 14, 2019
• Original Published Date: September 9, 2014

• I put men to death set up war, I fought duels hold forth slay others.

  I lost delay cards, wasted the substance wrung from the sweat of peasants, punished the latter cruelly, rioted with loose women, and caught men. Lying, robbery, adultery promote to all kinds, drunkenness, violence, viewpoint murder, all were committed saturate me, not one crime passed over, and yet I was call for the less considered by forlorn equals to be a to some extent moral man.

  Such was vindicate life for ten years.